Marine Safety Equipment Checklist: SOLAS Requirements 2025

Why Marine Safety Equipment Compliance Matters

The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) mandates specific safety equipment for all commercial vessels over 500 GT. Non-compliance can result in port state control detention, insurance invalidation, and — most critically — loss of life in emergencies. This checklist covers the minimum required equipment for most commercial vessel types.

Life-Saving Appliances (LSA)

Personal Survival Equipment

• Lifejackets: One approved lifejacket per person on board + 10% additional. Must be SOLAS-approved and fitted with a light and whistle.
• Immersion Suits: Required for vessels operating in cold waters. One per crew member.
• Lifebuoys: Minimum 8 per vessel for vessels 100m+. Must include self-igniting lights and smoke signals on at least 50%.
• Thermal Protective Aids (TPA): Minimum 10% of persons on board or 2 per liferaft.

Survival Craft

• Liferafts: Capacity for 100% of persons on each side. Davit-launched or throw-overboard type. Hydrostatic release required.
• Lifeboats: Required for cargo ships. Partially or totally enclosed, with engine, water, and rations.
• Rescue Boat: Minimum one per vessel for recovering persons from water.

Fire Detection and Firefighting Equipment

• Fire Extinguishers: CO2, dry powder, and foam types. Quantities per class rules. Annual inspection required.
• Fire Hoses and Nozzles: Minimum length 10m. Located at each hydrant throughout the vessel.
• Fixed Fire Detection Systems: Smoke detectors in accommodation and machinery spaces.
• Fixed CO2 or Halon Systems: For machinery spaces (automatic and manual release).
• International Shore Connection: For firefighting water supply from shore.
• Fireman's Outfits: Minimum 2 per vessel (4 for larger ships). Full gear including BA set.

Navigation Safety Equipment

• EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon): 406 MHz COSPAS-SARSAT registered. Hydrostatic release type for automatic float-free activation.
• SART (Search and Rescue Transponder): Minimum 2 per vessel, or AIS-SART equivalents.
• Pyrotechnic Signals: 12 parachute flares, 4 hand flares, 2 orange smoke signals. Replace before expiry date.
• Radar Reflector: Required for vessels under 150 GT.

Procurement and Maintenance Tips

Always source safety equipment from suppliers with valid MED (Marine Equipment Directive) or equivalent certification. Keep a digital maintenance log for all LSA, noting last inspection date and next due date.

E-ShipSupply lists 500+ verified suppliers of SOLAS-compliant marine safety equipment. Use the platform to compare prices, verify certifications, and schedule replacements before expiry.

Frequently Asked Questions

How often must liferafts be serviced?

Liferafts must be serviced annually at an approved service station. The service certificate must be on board during port state control inspections.

What happens if safety equipment is expired during a PSC inspection?

Port state control can detain the vessel until deficiencies are rectified. Expired pyrotechnics, failed EPIRBs, or uninspected liferafts are among the most common detention causes.